The primary usage of a filter press is as a "fixed volume, batch pressure filter." As a fixed volume filter, it is built to hold a specific quantity of solids.  The term "batch" refers to the fact the cycle must be stopped to discharge the collected “filter cake” prior to restarting a cycle. "Pressure" is created by the feed pump in the separation process.

The filter press may also be used as a "polishing" filter to remove minute quantities of solids from an influent stream. In these applications the press is not sized for the quantity of solids holding capacity but for maximum filtration area and hydraulic throughput. When used as a polishing filter, generally a dry filter cake is not developed. Rather, when throughput flow rates drop to an unacceptable level, the cycle is ended.

The last most common usage of the filter press is as a "variable volume" filter through the use of a filter plate known as a diaphragm or membrane plate. This type of plate has a flexible drain-field which when sealed around the edges forms an integral bladder or diaphragm that may be inflated to physically press additional liquid from the filter cake. This process can significantly reduce the typical elapsed time for a press cycle and produce a dryer cake product, or more uniform cake dryness from cycle to cycle.